However, servomechanisms, the use of diamagnetic materials, superconduction, or systems involving eddy currents allow stability to be achieved. įor example, the simplest example of lift with two simple dipole magnets repelling is highly unstable, since the top magnet can slide sideways, or flip over, and it turns out that no configuration of magnets can produce stability. Stability Įarnshaw's theorem proves that using only paramagnetic materials (such as ferromagnetic iron) it is impossible for a static system to stably levitate against gravity. P mag = B 2 2 μ 0 = 4π ×10 −7 N♺ −2 is the permeability of the vacuum. To calculate the amount of lift, a magnetic pressure can be defined.įor example, the magnetic pressure of a magnetic field on a superconductor can be calculated by: Įssentially all types of magnets have been used to generate lift for magnetic levitation permanent magnets, electromagnets, ferromagnetism, diamagnetism, superconducting magnets and magnetism due to induced currents in conductors. For example, the simplest example of lift would be a simple dipole magnet positioned in the magnetic fields of another dipole magnet, oriented with like poles facing each other, so that the force between magnets repels the two magnets. Magnetic materials and systems are able to attract or repel each other with a force dependent on the magnetic field and the area of the magnets. A superconductor levitating a permanent magnet
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